Preface
Acknowledgements
Author biography
Part I Energy and photography
1 The nature of energy
1.1 Energy transfer
2 Energy and exposure
2.1 Defining our terms
2.1.1 Power, P
2.1.2 Intensity, B
2.1.3 llluminance, I
2.1.4 Specific intensity, I0
2.2 Tracing the energy from source to camera
2.2.1 The power of light emitted by the Sun
2.2.2 The intensity of sunlight at Earth
2.2.3 Illuminance of the light on the subject
2.2.4 The power of the light intercepted by the metal disk
2.2.5 The power of the light reflected by the metal disk
2.2.6 The intensity of the reflected light when it reaches the camera
2.2.7 The power of the light that enters the camera lens
2.2.8 The illuminance of the light on the camera detector
2.2.9 The exposure imparted to the detector
2.2.10 Summary of steps
2.3 The Jones-Condit equation
Reference
3 Shutter speed and aperture
3.1 Power and shutter speed
3.2 Aperture and focal ratio
3.2.1 The effect of focus on exposure
4 Density and the elements of exposure
4.1 Reciprocity and exposure
4.2 Camera settings
4.3 Choosing between equivalent settings
4.3.1 Aperture and depth of focus
4.3.2 Shutter speed and motion blur
4.3.3 ISO and noise
4.3.4 Changing the light
4.3.5 Navigating the trade-offs
4.4 Exposure value (EV)
References
5 Metering
5.1 Direct-read versus null meters
5.2 Reflected-light metering
5.2.1 Spot, center-weighted and matrix metering
5.2.2 Manual, automatic, semi-automatic and program exposure modes
5.3 Incident-light metering
5.4 Flash
5.4.1 Distance and flash
5.4.2 Flash metering
5.4.3 Fill flash
6 VLS detector photography
6.1 An exposure benchmark for VLS photography
6.2 VLS photography in context
7 Ephemeral-process (EP) and cyanonegative photography
7.1 Cyanonegative and EP wavelength response
7.1.1 Wavelength calibration
7.1.2 EP versus cyanotype
7.2 Cyanonegative photography
7.2.1 Cyanonegative focus offset
7.3 Ephemeral process (EP) photography
7.4 Using EP photography to test the Jones-Condit equation
References
Part II The art and science of color
8 The physical basis of color
8.1 Spectra and sources of light
8.1.1 Combinations of multiple light sources
8.2 Color, light sources and light detectors
8.3 The reflection curve and the reflected-light spectrum
8.4 Physical causes of the reflection curve
8.4.1 Pigments and dyes: color from selective absorption
8.4.2 Structural colors: interference and scattering
8.4.3 Fluorescent colors
8.5 The detector response curve
8.6 Color and integration
8.6.1 Color detectors
8.7 The relation of color to black and white photography
9 The physiological basis of color
9.1 The three-color model of color perception
9.2 Additive and subtractive colors
9.3 RGB color arithmetic
10 The psychological basis of color
10.1 The opponent-process model of color perception
10.2 Yellow without yellow
10.3 Seeing and context
10.4 HSV and HSL
10.5 HSV and RGB
References
11 Filters
11.1 Filters and black and white photography
11.2 Filters and color photography
11.2.1 Color temperature and white balance
11.2.2 Filters and color temperature
11.3 Polarizing filters
Reference
12 ‘Color' in astronomy
References
13 Color experiments with EP photography
Appendices
A Lambertian reflectors and in-camera image intensity
B A practical way to denote VLS-detector 'speed'
C A practical guide to EP photography
D Units, dimensions and scientific notation
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