1.1 What Is Psychology？
什么是心理学？
In 1945．a 15-year—old Jewish girl named Anne Frank died of typhusat Bcrgen-Belsen．a notorious Nazi death camp．She had spent theDrevious two years with her parents’ her sister， and four others in acramped apartment in Amsterdam，hiding from German troops occupyingHolland．Unable to go outside，the group depended entirely on Christianfncnds for fOod and other necessities。Anne，who was a gifted writer andastutc observer．recorded in her diary the fears，frustrations，andinevitablc clashes of people forced to live 24 hours a day in closeDrOXimity①． Yet She never despaired or lost her sense of wonder at life’sjoys．With humor and grace．shc described the pleasure of familycclcbrations。thc thrill of first love，thc excitement of growing up．Shortlybe{bre the GeStapo discovered the hideout’ Anne wrote， “It’S really awondcr that I haven’t dropped all my ideals，because they seem SO absurdand impossiblc to carry out．Yet I keep them，because in spite of everythingI still believe that people are really good at hcat．I simply can’t build up，nv h0DeS on a foundation consisting of confusion，misery， and death．
Manv years latcr．and thousands of miles away，Charles“Tex’’Watson grew up，apparently uneventfully，in a small American town．Ahandsomc bov．Charles attended church，earned high grades’andcompetcd succcssfully in football，basketball，and track．During hisiunior year in high school his fellow students named him the outstandingmcmbcr of his class。Then，a few years after leaving home for college，watson fell in with the Charles Manson cult．Manson was a charismaticfigure who convinced his followers that he was divinely chosen to leadthcm and dcmanded their blind obedience．In 1969，on Manson’S orders。
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