abandon,desert,leave,forsake
这组动词的共同含义是抛弃、放弃。参阅relinquish,surrender,yield,cede,renounce和discard,cast,shed以及abjure,renounce,forswear这三组词的辨析。
abandon 放弃、抛弃。其内涵是:①境况迫使放弃。如:The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water.弃船命令发出了,数百人跳进了那冰冷的海水中。The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund.那位科学家由于缺乏资金放弃了他的研究。②放弃责任,不尽义务。如:A good mother will not abandon her baby.好母亲是不会丢弃自己的宝宝的。
desert 遗弃、抛弃、放弃。其内涵是:①抛弃妻子,舆论谴责。如:The man deserted his wife and children.那个人抛妻弃子。②背叛祖国,法律不容。如:He deserted his country and helped the enemy.他叛国投敌。③擅离职守,违反纪律。如:He deserted his post.他擅离职守。【注】下面的用法和上述内涵无关:a deserted village无人的村庄,a deserted street(夜晚)无人的大街。
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