小跳跃，大跃进 Little Jumps， Big Jumps
取材麦克尔·贝希所著《达尔文的黑匣子》
Adapted from Darwin's Black Box by Michael Behe.
假设你的后院有一道约1.2米宽的小沟，将你的后院跟邻居的后院隔开。有一天你发现那位邻居来到了你家后院，你问他怎么过来的。如果他说，“我跳过来的。”你并不会怀疑他。
Suppose you have a 4-foot ditch in your back yard， stretching from horizon to horizon. This ditch separates your back yard from your neighbor's. If one day you found your neighbor in your yard and asked how he got there， you would have no reason to doubt him if he answered， “I jumped over the ditch.”
如果那沟有2.5米宽，他也给你同样的答案，你对他体能的表现一定印象深刻。
If the ditch was 8 feet wide and he gave the same answer， you would be impressed with his athletic ability.
如果那沟有4.5米宽，你会开始怀疑，要他再跳一次给你看。要是他说他不能示范，因为他跳过来的时候扭伤了腿，你更怀疑了，但不能确定事实究竟如何。
If the ditch were 15 feet wide， you might become suspicious and ask him to jump again while you watched. If he said he couldn't because he had sprained his knee when he landed， you would have your doubts， but you couldn't be certain.
假使这“小沟”其实是30米宽的深谷，你根本不会相信他是跳过来的。
Suppose the “ditch” were actually a canyon 100 feet wide. You wouldn't believe for a moment that he had jumped over.
但是，你的邻居若修正他的说辞……
But suppose your neighbor modified his claim…
我的确是跳过来的，不过不是一跃即过。
I DID JUMP OVER， BUT I DIDN'T DO IT ALL IN ONE JUMP.
这谷中有很多平台，相距不到3米。我从一个平台跳到另一个平台，就跳过来了。
THE CANYON HAD A NUMBER OF BUTTES - NO MORE THAN 10 FEET APART. I JUMPED FROM BUTTE TO BUTTE， AND THAT'S HOW I GOT HERE.
我看不见任何平台，只有深谷。
I DON'T SEE ANY BUTTES， JUST A CANYON.
你现在当然看不见。我是花了很多年才跳过来的。
THAT'S ALL YOU SEE NOW. BUT IT TOOK ME YEARS AND YEARS TO COME OVER.
当我跳过来的时候，平台不时从谷底冒上来，我趁势跳上去的。
WHILE I WAS COMING OVER， BUTTES WOULD OCCASIONALLY REISE UP FROM THE CANYON FLOOR. I JUMPED ON THEM WHEN THEY POPPED UP.
当我跳过一个平台之后，它很快就被侵蚀而坍塌，在谷底灰飞烟灭了。所以你看不到平台。
AFTER I JUMPED OFF A BUTTE， IT USUALLY ERODED PRETTY QUICKLY AND CRUMBLED BACK INTO THE CANYON. THAT'S WHY YOU DON'T SEE THEM.
对，就是这样！
YEAH， RIGHT！
嗯……我想我的狗在叫我了。
UH…I THINK I HEAR MY DOG CALLING ME.
突变及天择可以解释我们在飞蛾、鸟类和猫类身上看见的变异……
THE MECHANISM OF MUTATION AND NATURAL SELECTION MIGHT EXPLAIN LITTLE JUMPS LIKE THE VARIETY THAT WE SEE IN MOTHS AND BIRDS AND CATS…
但它不能解释重大创新的大跃进，如蛾、鸟和猫的来源。
…BUT IT CAN'T EXPLAIN THE BIG JUMPS OF MAJOR INNOVATIONS LIKE THE ORIGIN OF MOTHS AND BIRDS AND CATS.
……
请来听听两位教授关于进化论的精彩有趣的讨论，并且看看科学如何解释生命，还有逻辑在这项争论中扮演着什么角色。欢迎你一起探讨﹔加拉帕哥斯群岛上的雀鸟鸟喙变化，是否真能证明进化论？此外，也欢迎大家和进化论中的两大巨星——突变超人与天择娇娃-——一起进行惊险刺激的旅程。当然，还有更多意想不到的惊奇在等着你哦！“这本书的批判既精彩又准确，比起一堆古人类化石有趣多了！”
— —詹腓利（《挑战达尔文主义》作者）