本书在马克思生前没有发表，直到1932年才首次全部发表。该书是哲学与经济学的第一次结晶，开创了哲学指导下的经济学研究道路以及以经济学为基础的哲学发展道路，马克思的共产主义理论正是以这种结合为基础的。同时，该书也是马克思一生政治经济学批判研究的起始点，被阿尔都塞誉为《资本论》的先声，《资本论》的草稿，或《资本论》草图。

Introduction
Translator's Note on Terminology
Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, by Karl Marx
Preface
Wages of Labour
Profit of Capital
1.Capital
2.The Profit of Capital
3.The Rule of Capital over Labour and the Motives of the Capitalist
4.The Accumulation of Capitals and the Competition Amongst the Capitalists
Rent of Land
[Estranged Labour]
[Antithesis of Capital and Labour. Landed Property and Capital]
[Private Property and Labour. Views of the Mercantile System and Physiocracy, Adam Smith, Ricardo and His School]
[Private Property and Communism. Various Stages of Development of Communist Views, Crude, Equalitarian Communism and Communism as Socialism Coinciding with Humaneness]
[The Meaning of Human Requirements where there is Private Property and Under Socialism. The Difference Between Extravagant Wealth and Industrial Wealth. Division of Labour in Bourgeois Society]
[The Power of Money in Bourgeois Society]
[Critique of the Hegelian Dialectic and Philosophy as a Whole]
APPENDIX
Outlines of a Critique of Political Economy by Frederick Engels