本书采用语言切换范式，设计组块图片命名实验(测量反应时)，邀请来自英国剑桥大学和上海外国语大学的40名汉英双语者分别作为二语高、低水平组被试(每组20人，实验在英、中两国分别完成)，采用E-prime心理学编程软件播放刺激(图片)以及SPSS统计学软件进行数据处理和分析。实验结果表明，首先，对于不平衡汉英双语者而言，词汇层面的双语语言控制主要通过对非目标语的抑制实现(研究问题一)；其次，该机制的作用范畴是非目标语整体，即整个非目标语均受到抑制，而非仅仅此前激活的部分词汇(研究问题二)；再次，语言切换的行为效应主要表现在三方面，重复启动效应对于二语的作用大于一语，翻译启动效应具有非对称性且仅存在于L2-L1方向，语言切换对于目标语产出具有消极影响，且对二语产出影响较大，对一语产出影响较小(研究问题三)；最后，二语水平对双语控制机制具有显著影响，随着双语者二语水平的提高，语言切换的消极影响减弱，重复启动和翻译启动效应增强，表明双语者的语言控制能力增强。由于双语控制属于认知控制的总范畴，该结果也进一步证实，随着二语水平的提高，双语者的认知优势逐渐增强(研究问题四)。

Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
1.2 Purposes and Research Questions
1.3 Organization of the Study
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Key Terms Defined
2.1.1 Bilingual
2.1.2 Speech Production
2.1.3 Lexical Access
2.1.4 Priming
2.1.5 Bilingual Language Control
2.2 Theories of Speech Production
2.2.1 Monolingual Speech Production Models
2.2.2 Bilingual Speech Production Models
2.3 Research on the BLC Mechanism
2.3.1 Nature of the BLC Mechanism
2.3.2 Scope oftheBLC Mechanism
2.3.3 Behavioral After-effects of the BLC Mechanism
2.3.4 Research Paradigms and Methodology
2.4 Limitations of Previous Research
2.5 Summary
Chapter Three Experiment Design
3.1 Participants
3.2 Materials
3.3 Procedure
3.3.1 Sequence
3.3.2 Time
3.3.3 Color Cue
3.4 Data Collection and Pretreatment
Chapter Four Results
4.1 Results of the Higher-L2-proficiency Group
4.1.1 Start Block vs Return Block: New Items
4.1.2 Start Block vs Return Block: Repeated Items
4.1.3 Switch Block: New Items vs Repeated Items
4.1.4 Cross-section Comparisons
4.2 Results of the Lower-L2-proficiency Group
4.2.1 Start Block vs Return Block: New Items
4.2.2 Start Block vs Return Block: Repeated Items
4.2.3 Switch Block: New Items vs Repeated Items
4.2.4 Cross-section Comparisons
4.3 Comparison of the Two Participant Groups
4.3.1 Similarities of the Two Groups
4.3.2 Differences of the Two Groups
4.4 Summary
Chapter Five Discussion
5.1 Nature of the BLC Mechanism
5.1.1 Language Control of L1
5.1.2 Language Control of L2
5.2 Scope of the BLC Mechanism
5.3 Behavioral After-effects of Language Switching
5.3.1 Priming Effects
5.3.2 Language Switching Effects
5.4 The Role of L2 Proficiency
5.5 Summary
Chapter Six Conclusion
6.1 Summary of the Present Study
6.2 Major Findings of the Present Study
6.3 Significance and Implications of the Present Study
6.4 Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research
References
Appendix Ⅰ Participant Consent Form
Appendix Ⅱ Language Background Questionnaire
Appendix Ⅲ Pictures of the Experiment
Afterword